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Top Criminal Barrister QC and Leading Rape Defence Counsel

s.6

November 12, 2015

A conviction for possessing false identity documents was quashed where the offence had erroneously been charged under the Identity Cards Act 2006 s.25(1)(a) instead of the Identity Documents Act 2010 and the Crown conceded that the Criminal Appeal Act 1968 could not be used to substitute an alternative offence.

CRIMINAL APPEAL ACT 1968 s.3 CRIMINAL CHARGES CRIMINAL PROCEDURE IDENTITY CARDS ACT 2006 s.25(1)(a) IDENTITY DOCUMENTS ACT 2010 s.4 LEGISLATION MISTAKE POSSESSION OF FALSE IDENTITY DOCUMENTS REPEALS s.25(1) s.6 SEXUAL OFFENCES ACT 1956

May 20, 2015

A district judge had failed to appreciate when deciding to retain jurisdiction to prosecute a young offender in the youth court for child sex offences that an amendment to the Powers of Criminal Courts (Sentencing) Act 2000 s.3B introduced by the Criminal Justice and Courts Act 2015 s.53 was not in force when he made his decision.

ADMINISTRATION OF JUSTICE CHILD SEX OFFENCES COMMITTAL FOR TRIAL CRIME AND DISORDER ACT 1998 s.51A CRIMINAL JUSTICE AND COURTS ACT 2015 s.53 CRIMINAL LAW CRIMINAL PROCEDURE JURISDICTION MODE OF TRIAL POWERS OF CRIMINAL COURTS (SENTENCING) ACT 2000 s.91(1) RAPE OF CHILD UNDER 13 RELIANCE ON AMENDMENT TO COMMITTAL FOR SENTENCE PROCEDURE NOT YET IN FORCE RETENTION OF JURISDICTION IN ERROR s.31 s.3B s.3B(1) s.3C s.51A(3) s.5A(1) s.6 s.91 s.91(3) YOUNG OFFENDERS YOUTH COURTS

April 30, 2015

A suspended sentence of two years’ imprisonment was increased by lifting the suspended element and imposing an immediate two-year custodial sentence, for an offender who had pleaded guilty to ten counts of historic sexual abuse. The court noted that this was an exceptional case, in which the offender had volunteered the fact of a second victim, and said it should not be treated as a precedent.

“HISTORIC” OFFENCES APPROPRIATENESS OF SUSPENDED SENTENCE ASSAULT OF CHILD UNDER 13 BY PENETRATION INDECENT ASSAULT s.14(1) s.6 SENTENCING SEXUAL ASSAULT OF CHILD UNDER 13 SEXUAL OFFENCES ACT 1956 s.7 SEXUAL OFFENCES ACT 2003 SUSPENDED SENTENCES UNDUE LENIENCY

July 23, 2014

Where the failure by police to conduct an effective investigation into allegations of rape had been held to amount to breaches of the Human Rights Act 1998 and the ECHR art.3, the victims of the rapes were entitled to a financial remedy for harm caused by the police failings on top of sums received in civil claims for the harm caused by the rapes. The court examined the statutory framework, relevant legal principles, previous authorities, and the existence of alternative remedies, and awarded sums of £22,250 and £19,000 respectively.

APPLICABLE PRINCIPLES Art.4(1) ASSESSMENT OF DAMAGES DUE TO VICTIMS DAMAGES DUTY TO UNDERTAKE EFFECTIVE INVESTIGATION EUROPEAN CONVENTION ON HUMAN RIGHTS 1950 art.3 FAILURE TO PROPERLY INVESTIGATE ALLEGATIONS OF RAPE HUMAN RIGHTS HUMAN RIGHTS ACT 1998 s.8 MEASURE OF DAMAGES POLICE POLICE OFFICERS RAPE REMEDIES s.6 s.6(1) s.7 s.8(3)(a) s.81 s.83 s.84

May 2, 2014

A conviction for sexual assault was quashed in circumstances where it was not clear that the jury would have reached the same verdict had it been aware of fresh evidence, admitted on appeal, that the offender suffered from Asperger’s syndrome.

AUTISTIC SPECTRUM DISORDER CRIMINAL EVIDENCE EXPERT EVIDENCE FRESH EVIDENCE s.6 SEXUAL ASSAULT SEXUAL OFFENCES ACT 2003 s.7

May 16, 2008

An Asylum and Immigration Tribunal had made material errors of law in holding that exceptional circumstances were required before deportation could be ordered for a failed asylum seeker who had pleaded guilty to two sexual offences and had been sentenced to a two-year conditional discharge with a recommendation for deportation.

CONDITIONAL DISCHARGE DEPORTATION DEPORTATION OF FAILED ASYLUM SEEKER CONVICTED OF SEXUAL OFFENCES ERROR OF LAW FAILED ASYLUM SEEKERS IMMIGRATION IMMIGRATION ACT 1971 s.5(1) NEED FOR EXCEPTIONAL CIRCUMSTANCES RECOMMENDATIONS s.14 s.2(3) s.3(5) s.3(6) s.5 s.6 SENTENCING

July 31, 2007

A judge had been entitled to recommend the deportation of an offender despite a failure to provide notice as required by the Immigration Act 1971 s.6(2), since the offender and his counsel had been aware of the issue and had made submissions at the relevant time.

ASSAULT BY PENETRATION CHILD SEX OFFENCES CRIMINAL JUSTICE ACT 2003 s.229 CRIMINAL LAW DANGEROUSNESS FAILURE TO GIVE NOTICE IMMIGRATION ACT 1971 s.6(2) NOTICE RECOMMENDATIONS FOR DEPORTATION s.2(5) s.3(5) s.3(6) s.6 SENTENCING VALIDITY OF RECOMMENDATION

December 16, 2004

On a charge of buggery with a male under the age of 16 pursuant to the Sexual Offences Act 1956 s.12 , an appellant was entitled to plead in defence that he honestly believed the complainant to be over the age of 16. The s.12 offence was not a strict liability offence.

AGE AVAILABILITY OF DEFENCE OF HONEST BELIEF BELIEF AS TO AGE OF COMPLAINANT BUGGERY CRIMINAL LAW CRIMINAL LIABILITY DEFENCES HONEST BELIEF HONEST BELIEF VICTIM OVER 16 YEARS OLD IMPOSITION OF STRICT LIABILITY INTENTION OF PARLIAMENT MENS REA MENTAL ELEMENT s.1 s.10 S.12 SEXUAL OFFENCES ACT 1956 s.14 s.14(1) s.14(2) s.14(4) S.143(1) CRIMINAL JUSTICE AND PUBLIC ORDER ACT 1994 S.3 SEXUAL OFFENCES ACT 1967 s.5 S.5 SEXUAL OFFENCES ACT 1956 s.6 S.6 SEXUAL OFFENCES ACT 1956 s.6(3) s.7 SEXUAL OFFENCES SEXUAL OFFENCES (AMENDMENT) ACT 2000 SEXUAL OFFENCES ACT 1956 s.12 SEXUAL OFFENCES ACT 1967

October 14, 2004

It was impermissible for the Crown to prosecute a charge of indecent assault under the Sexual Offences Act 1956 s.14(1) in circumstances where the conduct upon which that charge was based was only an act of unlawful sexual intercourse with a girl aged under 16 in respect of which no prosecution could be commenced under s.6(1) of the Act by virtue of s.37(2) of, and Sch.2 to, that Act.

ABUSE OF PROCESS ALTERNATIVE PROSECUTION FOR INDECENT ASSAULT IMPERMISSIBLE AVOIDANCE OF STATUTORY TIME BAR FOR PROSECUTION OF OFFENCE CHILD SEX OFFENCES CHILDREN CRIMINAL PROCEDURE CROWN PROSECUTION DELAYED COMPLAINTS INDECENT ASSAULT LIMITATION PERIODS LIMITATIONS MINORS POLICIES PROSECUTION OF DIFFERENT CHARGE IN RELIANCE ON SAME CRIMINAL CONDUCT PROSECUTIONS s.10 s.14 S.14(1) SEXUAL OFFENCES ACT 1956 s.37 S.37 SEXUAL OFFENCES ACT 1956 s.37(1) s.37(1)(2) s.37(2) s.4 s.44 s.5 s.5(1) s.6 s.6(1) S.6(1) SEXUAL OFFENCES ACT 1956 s.7 Sch.2 para.10(a) SCH.2 SEXUAL OFFENCES ACT 1956 SEXUAL ACTIVITY WITH CHILDREN SEXUAL INTERCOURSE WITH GIRL UNDER 16 SEXUAL OFFENCES ACT 1956 s.14(1) TIME BARS TIME LIMIT FOR CHARGE OF UNLAWFUL SEXUAL INTERCOURSE EXPIRED ULTRA VIRES

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"HISTORIC" OFFENCES ABUSE OF POSITION OF TRUST ADMISSIBILITY AGGRAVATING FEATURES ASSAULT BY PENETRATION ATTEMPTS BAD CHARACTER BUGGERY CAUSING CHILDREN TO ENGAGE IN SEXUAL ACTIVITY CHILDREN CHILD SEX OFFENCES CONSENT CREDIBILITY CRIMINAL EVIDENCE CRIMINAL LAW CRIMINAL PROCEDURE CROSS-EXAMINATION DANGEROUSNESS DELAY EXTENDED SENTENCES FRESH EVIDENCE GUILTY PLEAS HUMAN RIGHTS IMPRISONMENT FOR PUBLIC PROTECTION INCONSISTENT VERDICTS INDECENT ASSAULT INDECENT PHOTOGRAPHS OF CHILDREN JURY DIRECTIONS MINIMUM TERM PREVIOUS CONVICTIONS RAPE RAPE OF CHILD UNDER 13 RIGHT TO RESPECT FOR PRIVATE AND FAMILY LIFE SENTENCE LENGTH SENTENCING SENTENCING GUIDELINES SEXUAL ACTIVITY WITH CHILDREN SEXUAL ASSAULT SEXUAL ASSAULT OF CHILD UNDER 13 SEXUAL OFFENCES SEXUAL OFFENCES PREVENTION ORDERS SUMMING UP TOTALITY OF SENTENCE UNDUE LENIENCY YOUNG OFFENDERS